ACM Interactions

Authors:
Jonathan Grudin

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"Everything changed—the computer graphics community got interested in realism, I remained interested in interaction, and I eventually found myself doing HCI." —William Newman Someone recently wrote that SIGCHI was formed by computer scientists. This was an understandable error, but in addition to erasing several years of history, it glided over arguably the most wrenching transformation in human-computer interaction (so far). The transition from interfaces based on commands, forms, and full-page menus to graphical user interfaces based on windows, icons, and the mouse created opportunities, presented challenges, and wreaked havoc with some dominant HCI research programs of the early 1980s.…

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